<p>Goiter is the general term for a condition in which the thyroid gland increases in size. Externally, it may appear as a swelling or thickening on the neck. Sometimes the enlargement is noticeable immediately, while in other cases it can only be detected through an ultrasound examination.</p>

<p>This is one of the most common thyroid diseases. Sometimes it is called diffuse toxic goiter because the thyroid gland increases in size and begins to actively secrete hormones.</p>

<p>Autoimmune thyroiditis is a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks its own thyroid gland. As a result, the gland gradually loses its ability to produce sufficient amounts of hormones responsible for metabolism, energy, and overall well-being.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify;"><strong>Hyperthyroidism </strong>is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of hormones. These hormones control metabolism, and when there are too many of them, the body operates at an accelerated pace, like an engine that constantly overheats. This can cause nervousness, rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and a feeling of heat. Although these signs may be observed with other health problems as well, a blood test will help accurately determine the cause.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify;">Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland functions insufficiently and produces low levels of hormones. These hormones regulate metabolism, so when there's a deficiency, the body begins to "slow down." A person experiences fatigue, feels cold, and may gain weight even if their diet remains unchanged.</p>